The start of abstract painting cannot be attributed to a single individual, as it emerged as part of a broader movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, driven by multiple artists across different countries. However, Wassily Kandinsky is widely credited as one of the pioneers of abstract art for his early non-representational works, particularly his 1910 watercolor titled Untitled (First Abstract Watercolor).
Key Figures and Contributions in Abstract Painting
1. Wassily Kandinsky (1866–1944)
Kandinsky, a Russian artist and theorist, is often called the "father of abstract art."
He believed that art should evoke emotions like music does, independent of visual representation.
His work, such as Composition VII (1913), embodies pure abstraction with vibrant colors and dynamic forms.
2. Hilma af Klint (1862–1944)
Hilma af Klint, a Swedish artist, created abstract works as early as 1906, predating Kandinsky’s efforts.
Her paintings, often inspired by spirituality and mysticism, were largely unknown during her lifetime.
Works like The Ten Largest are now recognized as groundbreaking contributions to abstract art.
3. Kazimir Malevich (1879–1935)
Malevich, a Russian avant-garde artist, founded the Suprematism movement, focusing on basic geometric forms and limited color palettes.
His 1915 work Black Square is a seminal example of pure abstraction, symbolizing a break from traditional art. 4. Piet Mondrian (1872–1944)
Mondrian, a Dutch painter, developed De Stijl, a form of abstract art characterized by straight lines, primary colors, and geometric shapes.
His iconic works, like Composition with Red, Blue, and Yellow (1930), exemplify this style.
5. Other Contributors
Robert Delaunay: Known for his vibrant, abstract use of color and circular forms (Orphism).
František Kupka: An early adopter of abstraction in works like Amorpha: Fugue in Two Colors (1912).
Paul Klee: Explored abstraction with whimsical, symbolic compositions influenced by music and poetry.
JAS

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